This is the standard for numpad inputs, but many games add or edit the notation. Like how guilty gear has RC(roman cancel). Usually if a fighting game has a wiki there's somewhere that explains it.

Since most different fighting games have different attack types they're represented by different letters. Here's a simple table for the most common. Of course certain games have their own custom button like Quick Attack from MBAACC being represented by E.

Tradition 6 Button (Street Fighter, Darkstalker, etc.)
Attack Notation
Light Punch LP
Medium Punch MP
Heavy Punch HP
Light Kick LK
Medium Kick MK
Heavy Kick HK

Guilty Gear
Attack Notation
Punch P
Kick K
Slash S
Heavy Slash HS
Dust D

Most Anime Fighters (Melty Blood, Unist, etc.)
Attack Notation
A Button A
B Button B
C Button C
D Button D

Tekken
Attack Notation
Left Punch 1
Right Punch 2
Left Kick 3
Right Kick 4

When using notation the notation comes before the attack 236S = quater circle slash. Same case with command normal like 6S. Also also like j.S. When written in a combo it'll look like this: S > HS > 236P > 214P > j.K. That was a acr Ky combo I made up mid match, you might be able to go from 236P > 214D with a RC. It's definitley not optimal though.